Dichlorobenzene, para
para-Dichlorobenzene
CAS: 106-46-7
Molecular Formula: C6H4Cl2
Dichlorobenzene, para - Names and Identifiers
Dichlorobenzene, para - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C6H4Cl2 |
| Molar Mass | 147 |
| Density | 1.241 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 52-54 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 173 °C (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 150°F |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Solubility | 0.08g/l |
| Vapor Presure | 1.03 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 5.07 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Crystals |
| Specific Gravity | 1.2417 |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Aromatic. |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 75 ppm (～450 mg/m3) (MSHA,OSHA, and NIOSH); IDLH 1000 ppm(NIOSH). |
| Merck | 14,3057 |
| BRN | 1680023 |
| PH | 7 (0.06g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, aluminium and its alloys, some plastics. |
| Explosive Limit | 1.7-5.9%(V) |
| Refractive Index | 1.5434 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character: white crystal with pungent odor. melting point 53 ℃ boiling point 174 ℃ relative density 1.4581 refractive index 1.5434 flash point 67 ℃ solubility insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and other organic solvents. |
| Use | For leather anti-corrosion, pesticides, organic synthesis |
Dichlorobenzene, para - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36 - Irritating to the eyes R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable |
| Safety Description | S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S46 - If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. |
| UN IDs | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | CZ4550000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29036100 |
| Hazard Class | 9 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 in male, female rats (mg/kg): 3863, 3790 orally; >6000, >6000 dermally (Gaines, Linder) |
Dichlorobenzene, para - Upstream Downstream Industry
Dichlorobenzene, para - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
White Crystal, easy sublimation, irritating odor. The relative density is 1. 4581 and the boiling point is 174 ℃. Melting point 53 °c. Flash point (closed cup) 67. Refractive index 5434. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and other organic solvents. Flammable.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Dichlorobenzene, para - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
directional chlorination of benzene or recovery from chlorobenzene production.
- directional chlorination of benzene benzene is placed in a chlorination reactor, 0.1% to 0.6% of antimony sulfide by weight of benzene is added, chlorine is introduced, and the chlorination temperature is controlled at about 20 ° C for 30 to 45 minutes, add benzenesulfonic acid directional catalyst, and then pass into the chlorine, when the dichlorobenzene Crystal precipitates, the reaction solution is heated to 50~60 ℃, the chlorine gas was slowly passed through again until the reaction liquid weight gain was about 95% of the theoretical amount, and the yield was 70% ~ 75%.
- recovered from the chlorobenzene production process, the mixed dichlorobenzene was distilled off from the chlorobenzene rectification column substrate by vacuum distillation, and crystallized in a crystallizer to obtain relatively pure p-dichlorobenzene.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:40:33
Dichlorobenzene, para - Use
Open Data Verified Data
organic synthetic raw materials, used in the synthesis of dyes (red base GG) and pesticide intermediates, used as fumigating pesticides, fabric anti-decay agent, air deodorant, 65% ~ 70% for the manufacture of sanitary balls, A small amount of lubricant for extreme pressure, corrosion inhibitors.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:40:33
Dichlorobenzene, para - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- This product is moderately toxic and irritates eyes and mucous membranes. Rat oral LD50 500mg/kg. The maximum allowable concentration in air is 75 x 10-6. Staff wear protective gear.
- packed in iron drum. During storage and transportation, it is shock-proof, sun-proof, fire-proof and waterproof. According to the provisions of the storage and transportation of toxic chemicals.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:40:34
Dichlorobenzene, para - Reference Information
| Henry's Law Constant | 1.88 at 25 °C (continuous flow sparger, Sproule et al., 1991) |
| LogP | 3.37 at 25℃ and pH7 |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 2B (Vol. Sup 7, 73) 1999 |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| Use | Used for the synthesis of red-based GG, reactive light yellow and other dyes, used as pesticide intermediates, fumigated insecticides, fabric moth-proofing agents, and also used in organic synthesis Used as organic analytical reagents, solvents and insecticides, moth-proofing agents p-dichlorobenzene is an intermediate of insecticides, herbicides dicamba, and quiratene, as well as dyes and pharmaceutical intermediates, it can also be used as a household insecticide and moth prevention agent. organic synthetic raw materials are used for synthetic dyes (big red base GG and red base 3GL, reactive light yellow and red RC) and pesticide intermediates, as fumigation insecticide, fabric moth prevention agent, mildew prevention agent, air deodorant, 65%-70% is used for manufacturing sanitary balls, and a small amount is used for special pressure lubricants and corrosion inhibitors. This product is also used in medicine and can also be used as a solvent. used for leather preservative, pesticide, organic synthesis, etc. used as insecticide fumigant, mothproof agent, deodorant, preservative, analytical reagent and organic synthesis. |
| production method | benzene is directionally chlorinated or recovered from chlorobenzene production. 1. Directional chlorination of benzene Place benzene in a chlorination reactor, add 0.1%-0.6% antimony sulfide by weight of benzene, pass in chlorine, control the chlorination temperature at about 20 ℃, chlorinate for 30-45 minutes, add benzene Sulfonic acid directional catalyst, and then pass in chlorine gas, when dichlorobenzene crystals are precipitated, the reaction liquid is heated to 50-60 ℃, and then the chlorine gas is slowly passed until the theoretical weight of the reaction liquid is about 95%, yield 70%-75%. Due to the large number of components of benzene chlorinated products, the key to industrial preparation is to select appropriate separation and refining methods for p-dichlorobenzene. There are many methods for separating and refining p-and ortho-dichlorobenzene. The distillation method is more difficult and consumes more energy than the crystallization method, which is not conducive to the stability of the product and the corrosion prevention of the equipment. The recrystallization method has been developed to continuous fractionated crystallization. Emulsification method uses surface active substances for emulsification and separation. This method has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption, high efficiency and less environmental pollution. The research on it is increasing day by day and developing rapidly. 2. The chlorobenzene distillation column substrate is recovered from the chlorobenzene production process, the mixed dichlorobenzene is evaporated by vacuum distillation, and the pure p-dichlorobenzene is obtained by crystallization in the crystallizer. There are several preparation methods. Directional chlorination of benzene Place benzene in a chlorination reactor, add catalyst antimony sulfide (Sb2S), start to pass in chlorine, control the chlorination temperature at about 20 ℃, chlorination for 30~45min, add benzene sulfonic acid directional catalyst, and then pass in chlorine gas. When dichlorobenzene crystals are precipitated, heat the reaction liquid to 50~60 ℃, and then slowly pass in chlorine gas until the weight of the reaction liquid increases to about 95% of the theoretical amount, then after post-treatment, filter and dry the product. Reaction equation diagram: Chlorobenzene is further chlorinated. Chlorobenzene is used as a raw material to react with chlorine, and under the action of a specific catalyst, it is directionally chlorinated to produce dichlorobenzene (including p-, o-dichlorobenzene and a small amount of m-dichlorobenzene), combined with high-efficiency The method of packed tower rectification and vertical crystallizer crystallization obtains high-purity pair, o-and m-dichlorobenzene respectively. In the past, distillation residues from chlorobenzene production were also used to separate p-dichlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene. |
| category | flammable solids |
| toxicity classification | poisoning |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 500 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 2950 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | eye-person 80 PPM |
| explosive hazard characteristics | mixed with air, heated, open flame can explode |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammability in case of open flame, high temperature and oxidant; toxic chloride smoke produced by combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; separate from oxidant |
| fire extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 fire extinguishing agent |
| occupational standard | TLV-TWA 75 PPM (450 mg/m3); STEL 110 PPM (675 mg/m3) |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | >500°C |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 150 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:54:55
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